The effect of long-term, regular yoga on the pain and quality of life in women with premenstrual syndrome: A randomized controlled, single-blinded trial.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been known to have emotional, physical, and behavioral effects in reproductive age. To evaluate the effects of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) on pain and quality of life in women, who perform regular yoga exercises in the long term. 30 women with PMS and 30 control (31.17 ± 5.28 years old) participated in this randomized controlled, single blinded study. The demographics of the PMS and control groups were similar (p < 0.05). A significant difference was found in a depressive mood, anxiety, fatigue, pain, depressive thoughts, sleeping habits subscales, and total scores of the PMSS, WHOQOL-BREF scale, and VAS scores between yoga and control groups (p < 0.05). It is determined that long-term and regular yoga practice for women with PMS will improve their, PMS symptoms, quality of life, and pain level.

Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC-56 and 20): Turkish adaptation, reliability, and validity study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish versions of the Measure of Processes of Care, MPOC-56 and MPOC-20, in children with disability aged 5-17 years. METHODS: A total of 290 parents of children with disability due to various disorders were evaluated with the MPOC-56 and MPOC-20. Internal consistency was determined with Cronbach`s alpha, and test-retest reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to investigate the factor structure of the Turkish MPOC-56 and -20. RESULTS: Cronbach`s alpha values for the MPOC-56 and MPOC-20 ranged between 0.84-0.97 and 0.87-0.92, respectively. Test-retest ICC values were 0.96-0.99 for MPOC-56 and 0.94-0.98 for MPOC-20. The correlations of the subscale scores of MPOC- 56 and MPOC-20 were shown to be at very good to excellent levels for reliability. Factor structure for MPOC-20 and MPOC-56 were found to be acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that the Turkish versions of MPOC-56 and MPOC-20 are valid, reliable, and applicable for the evaluation of parents` experiences of processes of care for children with disability aged 5-17 years.

The long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with ADHD in terms of participation, support, and barriers at home.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on participation, support, and barriers at home in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and without ADHD. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study included a total of 227 participants with a mean age of 11.93 ± 2.96 years, comprising 116 children and adolescents with ADHD and 111 without ADHD. The parents or primary caregivers of all the children completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY), which was used to assess participation and environmental factors in the home. The Student's t-test was used to compare numeric data and Chi-square test to categorical data between children and adolescents with ADHD and those without ADHD in all three settings. RESULTS: The children with ADHD were determined to play computer and video games significantly more than children without ADHD (p < 0.001). The mean frequency of participation in arts, crafts, music, hobbies (p < 0.001), school preparation (<0.0001), and homework (<0.003) was significantly higher in children without ADHD. A moderate effect size (ϕ = 0.42) was determined in respect of cognitive demands making it more difficult for children with ADHD to participate in home activities than children without ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD were negatively affected in terms of participating in home activities than their typically developing peers. In addition, cognitive demands prevented their participation and involvement in the home environment while cognitive demands were a support for non-ADHD children. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: A highlight of this research was the comprehensive investigation of the long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on participation in all activities at home, in addition to the support and barriers in the home environment for children with ADHD compared to typically developing peers.

Menstrual health and genital hygiene status in adolescent girls and young women with cerebral palsy.

Menstrual health and genital hygiene behavior in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) is underrecognized, undertreated, and negatively affects quality of life. The aim of this case-control study is to compare menstrual health and genital hygiene behaviors in adolescent girls and young women with CP to a healthy women control group. Participants were invited to study via social media tools between August 2021 and February 2022. The study included 74 adolescent girls and young women with CP and 89 healthy women. Menstrual status with semi-structured questions, menstrual symptoms with "Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ)," genital hygiene behavior with "Genital Hygiene Behavior Scale (GHBS)" were evaluated. The control group scored significantly higher on the MSQ sub-dimensions of "negative effects somatic complaints" (r = 0.396; p < .001), "menstrual pain" (r = 0.287; p < .001), "coping methods" (r = 0.291; p < .001), and total score (r = 0.395; p < .001), as well as the GHBS sub-dimensions of "awareness of abnormal findings" (r = 0.270; p = .001) and "menstrual hygiene" (r = 0.495; p < .001) and total score (r = 0.393; p < .001). People with CP had worse genital hygiene behavior, had less menstrual symptoms, and behaved differently about the menstruation symptoms. This study focused on adolescent girls and young women with CP who cannot easily express their own experiences and concerns, emphasized that their needs should be identified by determining their menstrual health and genital hygiene behaviors.Clinical Registration Name, Registration Number, Registration Date: Menstrual Health and Genital Hygiene Status in Cerebral Palsy and NCT04985045, August 2,2021.

Comparison of plantar pressure distribution in underweight, normal, overweight, and obese adolescents: A cross-sectional study evaluation of plantar pressure in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Repeated overload by body weight in the adolescents affects the foot structure. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate plantar pressure distribution in adolescents with different body mass indices during gait and standing. STUDY DESIGN: This is a randomized, cross-sectional study. METHODS: One hundred eighty-six adolescents between the ages of 8 and 15 years were included. The individuals were divided into groups according to body mass index (BMI). Plantar pressure distributions were examined during gait and standing. Surface areas, plantar pressures, forefoot-hindfoot load, surface amounts, and foot angles of the individuals were determined during gait and standing. RESULTS: Significant differences were detected in left-right surfaces, maximum load quantities, average pressures, forefoot-hindfoot surface areas between static and dynamic plantar pressure distributions of underweight, normal, overweight, and obese adolescents (P < 001). Maximum, average pressure, right forefoot foot load, and foot angles increased in the obese group during standing as BMI increased; total surface areas, and loads in forefoot, hindfoot surface areas in right and left feet also increased in maximum and average pressures during gait (P < .05). No differences were detected between groups in foot angles during standing and gait (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: This study show that increased BMI causes increased plantar pressures during gait and standing, and weight gain would cause problems in adolescents.

The effects of functional electrical stimulation cycling on gait parameters in diplegic cerebral palsy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES-C) training in addition to conventional physical therapy on gait, muscle strength, gross motor function, and energy expenditure in ambulatory children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty children with diplegic cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to FES-C group (n = 10) or control group (n = 10). Subjects trained 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Control group received conventional physical therapy. The FES-C group additionally received FES-C training. The functional muscle test was used for muscle strength assessment. Vicon-3D system was used for gait analysis. Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) was used for motor function assessment and calorimeter was used for energy expenditure. Measurements were performed at the baseline, at the eight week and at the sixteenth week. RESULTS: Functional muscle strength, gross motor function, and energy expenditure improved more in the FES-C group after training and follow up (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference found between the changes in gait parameters of the two groups after treatment and follow up (p > 0.05). Pelvic tilt while walking decreased after training in the FES-C group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: FES-C applied in addition to conventional physical therapy in children with diplegic cerebral palsy is more effective than conventional physical therapy for increasing functional muscle strength, improving gross motor function functions, and reducing energy expenditure.HighlightsFES-C improves lower extremity functional muscle strength, gross motor function, and energy expenditure in ambulatory children with spastic dCP.The use of FES-C in combination with conventional physiotherapy methods may be beneficial in outpatients with spastic dCP.

The coin rotation test: a reliable and valid test in people with Parkinson's disease.

PURPOSE: To investigate: (1) the interrater, and test-retest reliability of the coin rotation test (CRT) in people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD); (2) the minimum detectable change in the CRT; (3) the concurrent and known-groups validity of the CRT; and (4) the cut-off times that best discriminate PwPD from healthy people and functionally dependent PwPD from functionally independent PwPD. METHOD: Forty-eight PwPD and 33 healthy people were included. The CRT was administered with the nine-hole peg test, Movement Disorders Society Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Hoehn and Yahr Scale, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8, and Schwab and England Scale. RESULTS: The CRT had excellent interrater and test-retest reliability. Minimal detectable changes were 5.96 and 8.23 s for the dominant and non-dominant hand, respectively. The CRT correlated with other outcome measures. Significant differences in the CRT times were found between PwPD and healthy people, and between functionally dependent PwPD and functionally independent PwPD. The cut-off times of 12.66 s on the dominant hand and 15.76 s on the non-dominant best discriminated PwPD from healthy people, while 22.99 s on the dominant hand and 23.48 s on the non-dominant best discriminated functionally dependent PwPD from functionally independent PwPD. CONCLUSIONS: The CRT is a reliable, and clinically available tool for assessing manual dexterity in PwPD.Implications for rehabilitationThe coin rotation test is a reliable, valid, and clinically available tool for assessing manual dexterity in Parkinson's Disease.The minimal detectable changes of the coin rotation test are 5.96 s for dominant hand and 8.23 s for the non-dominant hand, which may useful for clinicians and researchers to detect in any true change in manual dexterity after any intervention.The coin rotation test correlated with Parkinson's Disease-specific measurement tools.The coin rotation test times may detect impaired manual dexterity between people with Parkinson's Disease and healthy people, and between functionally dependent and functionally independent in Parkinson's Disease population.

Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth.

BACKGROUND: Participation in daily activities provides many opportunities for children with and without disabilities to improve cognitive, physical and communication abilities; to develop social relationships and to promote adaptive behaviours. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Participation Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in Turkish children and youth with and without a disability. METHODS: A total of 410 parents of children with (n = 232) and without (n = 178) disabilities, aged 5-17 years, were included in this study. Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were evaluated for internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Discriminant validity was determined by comparing the differences in participation and environment scores for disability groups and age intervals with the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc analyses when results were statistically significant. RESULTS: Internal consistency (0.67-0.80) and test-retest reliability (0.67-0.93, p < 0.0001) ranged from moderate to very strong for different summary scores. Discriminant validity of the Turkish version of PEM-CY was supported by significant differences between children with and without disabilities on participation and environment scales (p < 0.05). We identified some significant age differences, but they did not follow consistently. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the PEM-CY is a valid and reliable tool to determine the participation and environmental factors in the home, at school and in community settings in Turkish children and youth aged 5-17 years, with and without disabilities.

Comparison of the effectiveness of partial body weight-supported treadmill exercises, robotic-assisted treadmill exercises, and anti-gravity treadmill exercises in spastic cerebral palsy.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the partial body weight-supported treadmill exercise (PBWSTE), robotic-assisted treadmill exercise (RATE), and anti-gravity treadmill exercise (ATE) in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between December 01, 2015 and May 01, 2016, a total of 29 children (18 males, 11 females; mean age 9.3±2.3 years; range, 6 to 14 years) with spastic CP were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups as the PBWSTE group (n=10), RATE group (n=10), and ATE group (n=9). Each group underwent a total of 20 treadmill exercise sessions for 45 min for five days a week for a total of four weeks. The patients were assessed using three-dimensional gait analysis, open-circle indirect calorimeter, six-minute walking test, and Gross Motor Functional Measurement (GMFM) scale before and after treatment and at two months of follow-up. RESULTS: No significant change compared to baseline was found in the walking speed on gait analysis among the groups after the treatment. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in terms of the GFMF-D, GMFM-E and six-minute walking test (p>0.05). There was a significant improvement in the oxygen consumption in the ATE group (p>0.05) and RATE group (p>0.05), but not in the PBWSTE group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study findings indicate that all three treadmill exercises have a positive impact on walking, and RATE and ATE can be used more actively in patients with spastic CP.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TURKISH VERSION OF THE SENSORY PROFILE: TRANSLATION, CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION, AND PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION.

The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Sensory Profile (SP), which is used to measure sensory processing abilities of children ages of 3-10 years, and test its reliability and validity for use with Turkish children with autism. A cross-cultural adaptation process was carried out by bilingual experts, following typical guidelines. The test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity studies of the Turkish SP were done for 144 children with autism. A comparison was also made between results of children with autism and 101 healthy children to test the validity of the Turkish SP. There were significant differences between results of autistic and healthy children on all subsections of the test. The Cronbach's as ranged from .63 to .97 for all subsections except I, J, and N, which had poor internal consistency reliability. Test-retest reliability over a one-week period was excellent (ICC > .90).

The effects of Kinesio Taping on body functions and activity in unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Kinesio Taping (KT) on the body functions and activity of children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: This study was designed as a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Thirty children with unilateral spastic CP were randomized and split equally between the KT group (eight males, seven females; mean age 9y [SD 2y 3mo] range 7-12y) and the control group (seven males, eight females; mean age 9y 7mo [SD 3y 4mo] range 7-14y) receiving usual care. All participants were evaluated with the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP), the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), short-term muscle power, agility and functional muscle strength tests. Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to evaluate within and between-group differences respectively. The level of significance was accepted as p<0.05. RESULTS: There were significant differences in muscle power sprint (p=0.003), lateral step-up test right (p=0.016), sit to stand (p=0.018), attain stand through half knee right (p=0.003), BOTMP Gross scores (p=0.019), and WeeFIM total (p=0.003) and self-care scores (p=0.022) between the groups (p<0.05). INTERPRETATION: Kinesio Taping is a promising additional approach to increase proprioceptive feedback and improve physical fitness, gross motor function, and activities of daily living in children with CP.